Comparative evaluation of shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded to three-dimensionally-printed and milled materials after surface treatment and artificial aging
Biadsee Ameer, Rosner Ofir, Khalil Carol, Atanasova Vanina, Blushtein Joel, Levartovsky Shifra,
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( Biadsee Ameer ) - Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine Department of Oral Rehabilitation
( Rosner Ofir ) - Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine Department of Oral Rehabilitation
( Khalil Carol ) - Israel Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine
( Atanasova Vanina ) - Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine Department of Orthodontics
( Blushtein Joel ) - Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine Department of Orthodontics
( Levartovsky Shifra ) - Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine Department of Oral Rehabilitation
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded to three-dimensionally (3D)-printed materials after various surface treatments and artificial aging compared with that bonded to computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-milled materials.
Methods: Eighty cylindrical specimens were 3D printed and divided into the following four subgroups (n = 20 each) according to the surface treatment and artificial aging procedure. Group A, sandblasted with 50 μm aluminum oxide particles (SA) and aging; group B, sandblasted with 30 μm silica-coated alumina particles (CO) and aging; group C, SA without aging; and group D, CO without aging. For the control group, 20 CAD-CAM PMMA-milled cylindrical specimens were sandblasted with SA and aged. The SBS was measured using a universal testing machine (0.25 mm/min), examined at ×2.5 magnification for failure mode classification, and statistically analyzed (p = 0.05).
Results: The retention obtained with the 3D-printed materials (groups A?D) was higher than that obtained with the PMMA-milled materials (control group). However, no significant difference was found between the study and control groups, except for group C (SA without aging), which showed significantly higher retention than the control group (PMMA-SA and thermocycling) (p = 0.037). Study groups A?D predominantly exhibited a cohesive specimen mode, indicating specimen fracture.
Conclusions: Orthodontic brackets bonded to 3D-printed materials exhibit acceptable bonding strengths. However, 3D-printed materials are prone to cohesive failure, which may result in crown fractures.
키워드
Prosthodontics; Retention; Bracket; Shear bond strength
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